啥是戏剧导演呀？ / What Is a Drama Director, Anyway?
你有没有过这样的经历？班级要排《小红帽》的童话剧，大家抢着当小红帽，没人愿意演大灰狼，排到一半有人忘词笑场，还有人跑去找老师说不想演树桩了——这时候，是不是特别需要一个能喊“停！所有人过来排队”的人？这个人，就是我们今天要讲的“戏剧导演”呀！/ Have you ever had an experience like this? Your class is going to perform the *Little Red Riding Hood* play, everyone is fighting to play Little Red Riding Hood, no one wants to play the Big Bad Wolf, halfway through rehearsal someone forgets their lines and laughs, and someone even runs to the teacher to say they don’t want to play the tree stump anymore—at a time like this, you really need someone who can yell “Stop! Everyone line up here!” That person is exactly the “drama director” we’re going to talk about today!
很多小朋友觉得，导演就是扛着大摄像机拍电影的人，只有拍电影才需要导演。但其实呀，舞台上的戏剧导演，比电影导演还要忙呢！电影拍的时候不好还可以重来，舞台剧导演要在演出当天把所有东西都安排得刚刚好，一点错都不能出——就像你要在全校同学面前表演，不能突然忘词跑掉一样，是不是超级厉害？/ Many kids think a director is the person holding a big camera to make movies, and only movies need directors. But actually, a stage drama director is even busier than a film director! If something goes wrong in a movie, you can just film it again. But a stage drama director has to make sure everything is perfect on the day of the show, with zero mistakes—just like if you’re performing in front of the whole school, you can’t suddenly forget your lines and run away, right? How cool is that?
我们把戏剧导演叫做“舞台小魔法师”的队长，为什么呀？因为一场戏从只有一本故事书，到最后真的在舞台上演出来，所有的“魔法”都是导演变出来的：本来只有纸上的字，怎么变成真的森林、真的小红帽的斗篷？本来只会念台词的小朋友，怎么变成会哭会笑的小红帽、会吼的大灰狼？本来乱糟糟的后台，怎么变成井井有条的魔法世界？这些都是导演的功劳呀！/ We call the drama director the "captain of the little stage magicians"—do you know why? Because turning a story from just words in a book into a real performance on stage is all the director’s magic trick: How do the words on paper turn into a real forest and Little Red Riding Hood’s real cloak? How do kids who only know how to read lines turn into a crying, laughing Little Red Riding Hood and a roaring Big Bad Wolf? How does the messy backstage turn into an organized magical world? All of this is the director’s doing!
<!-- 纸书：插图1位置，配戴贝雷帽的小导演举着场记板，旁边围着三个抢着喊“我要当小红帽”的小朋友，背景是挂满童话海报的班级墙壁 --> <!-- 电子版：侧边栏提示💡 冷知识：世界上最年轻的戏剧导演只有7岁！2023年美国加州的小女孩Lila自编自导了原创童话剧《会飞的猫咪》，在当地儿童剧院连续演出5场，还收到了小朋友们的鲜花呢！ --> <!-- 机器标签：导演核心定义，魔法队长 -->
一、小导演的10个日常魔法任务 / 10 Daily Magic Tasks of a Little Director
是不是已经好奇导演平时都要做什么了？别着急，我们把这10个任务拆成小朋友能听懂的小例子，你看看是不是和你平时玩过家家、排班级节目的任务一模一样？
1. 读剧本，挑好故事 / Read the script and pick the best story
导演的第一件事，就是翻好多好多的故事书、绘本，挑出最适合大家演的剧本。要是你们班有很多喜欢恐龙的小朋友，就可以选《你看起来好像很好吃》当剧本，大家都爱看，也愿意背台词；要是你们班有很多喜欢公主的小朋友，就选《冰雪奇缘》的小片段，把太长太难的对白改得简单一点，连幼儿园小班的弟弟妹妹都能记住。 / The first thing a director does is flip through tons of storybooks and picture books to pick the script that’s best for everyone to perform. If there are lots of dinosaur lovers in your class, you can pick *You Look Delicious* as the script—everyone will love it and be happy to memorize lines. If there are lots of princess lovers in your class, you can pick a small segment of *Frozen*, and change the long, hard dialogues to be simple enough that even the kindergarten kids in the younger grades can remember them. *小例子*：去年我们学校排童话剧的时候，导演本来选了《灰姑娘》，但是后来发现班里有好几个小朋友从来没有穿过水晶鞋的绘本，就对大家说“我们换《三只小猪》好不好？大家都可以当小猪，还可以自己设计盖房子的动作！”最后大家都特别开心，演出也特别成功。 / *Little example*: Last year when our school was choosing a play, the director first picked *Cinderella*, but later found out that several kids in the class had never read a picture book about Cinderella’s glass slipper. So they asked everyone “How about we do *The Three Little Pigs* instead? Everyone can be a pig, and we can even design our own house-building movements!” Everyone was super happy, and the show was a huge success.
2. 选演员，帮大家找到最适合的角色 / Pick actors and help everyone find their perfect role
选演员可不是选长得最好看、背台词最快的人哦！好的导演会观察每个人的特点，把最合适的角色给最合适的人。比如平时最调皮、爱蹦蹦跳跳的小朋友，就特别适合演最懒的那只小猪；平时说话细声细气、有点内向的小朋友，就特别适合演最聪明、爱思考的小红帽；要是有人想演大灰狼但是不敢吼，导演还会教他怎么把声音放出来——就像你玩超级马里奥喊“哇呀”的时候一样，很快就能学会啦！ / Picking actors isn’t about choosing the best-looking kid or the one who memorizes lines the fastest! A good director watches everyone’s traits and gives the right role to the right person. For example, the most playful, bouncy kid is perfect for the laziest little pig. The kid who speaks softly and is a little shy is perfect for the smart, thoughtful Little Red Riding Hood. If someone wants to play the Big Bad Wolf but is scared to roar, the director will teach them how to project their voice—just like when you yell “Wahoo!” playing Super Mario, you’ll learn it super fast! *小例子*：我们上次排《丑小鸭》的时候，导演让平时总被同学开玩笑的小宇当丑小鸭，因为小宇每次被笑的时候，低着头的样子特别像被欺负的丑小鸭；让平时爱笑爱闹的小雨当小鸭子，因为小雨跳起舞来特别像摇摇摆摆的小鸭子，大家演得特别自然，台下
你有没有过这样的经历？班级要排《小红帽》的童话剧，大家抢着当小红帽，没人愿意演大灰狼，排到一半有人忘词笑场，还有人跑去找老师说不想演树桩了——这时候，是不是特别需要一个能喊“停！所有人过来排队”的人？这个人，就是我们今天要讲的“戏剧导演”呀！/ Have you ever had an experience like this? Your class is going to perform the *Little Red Riding Hood* play, everyone is fighting to play Little Red Riding Hood, no one wants to play the Big Bad Wolf, halfway through rehearsal someone forgets their lines and laughs, and someone even runs to the teacher to say they don’t want to play the tree stump anymore—at a time like this, you really need someone who can yell “Stop! Everyone line up here!” That person is exactly the “drama director” we’re going to talk about today!
很多小朋友觉得，导演就是扛着大摄像机拍电影的人，只有拍电影才需要导演。但其实呀，舞台上的戏剧导演，比电影导演还要忙呢！电影拍的时候不好还可以重来，舞台剧导演要在演出当天把所有东西都安排得刚刚好，一点错都不能出——就像你要在全校同学面前表演，不能突然忘词跑掉一样，是不是超级厉害？/ Many kids think a director is the person holding a big camera to make movies, and only movies need directors. But actually, a stage drama director is even busier than a film director! If something goes wrong in a movie, you can just film it again. But a stage drama director has to make sure everything is perfect on the day of the show, with zero mistakes—just like if you’re performing in front of the whole school, you can’t suddenly forget your lines and run away, right? How cool is that?
我们把戏剧导演叫做“舞台小魔法师”的队长，为什么呀？因为一场戏从只有一本故事书，到最后真的在舞台上演出来，所有的“魔法”都是导演变出来的：本来只有纸上的字，怎么变成真的森林、真的小红帽的斗篷？本来只会念台词的小朋友，怎么变成会哭会笑的小红帽、会吼的大灰狼？本来乱糟糟的后台，怎么变成井井有条的魔法世界？这些都是导演的功劳呀！/ We call the drama director the "captain of the little stage magicians"—do you know why? Because turning a story from just words in a book into a real performance on stage is all the director’s magic trick: How do the words on paper turn into a real forest and Little Red Riding Hood’s real cloak? How do kids who only know how to read lines turn into a crying, laughing Little Red Riding Hood and a roaring Big Bad Wolf? How does the messy backstage turn into an organized magical world? All of this is the director’s doing!
<!-- 纸书：插图1位置，配戴贝雷帽的小导演举着场记板，旁边围着三个抢着喊“我要当小红帽”的小朋友，背景是挂满童话海报的班级墙壁 --> <!-- 电子版：侧边栏提示💡 冷知识：世界上最年轻的戏剧导演只有7岁！2023年美国加州的小女孩Lila自编自导了原创童话剧《会飞的猫咪》，在当地儿童剧院连续演出5场，还收到了小朋友们的鲜花呢！国内深圳的6岁小朋友朵朵，去年也用快递盒和旧布料做了道具，自导自演了《佩奇去露营》，在幼儿园的元旦晚会上获得了“最佳小导演”奖哦！ --> <!-- 机器标签：导演核心定义，魔法队长，儿童戏剧案例 -->
一、小导演的10个日常魔法任务 / 10 Daily Magic Tasks of a Little Director
是不是已经好奇导演平时都要做什么了？别着急，我们把这10个任务拆成小朋友能听懂的小例子，你看看是不是和你平时玩过家家、排班级节目的任务一模一样？
1. 读剧本，挑好故事 / Read the script and pick the best story
导演的第一件事，就是翻好多好多的故事书、绘本，挑出最适合大家演的剧本。要是你们班有很多喜欢恐龙的小朋友，就可以选《你看起来好像很好吃》当剧本，大家都爱看，也愿意背台词；要是你们班有很多喜欢公主的小朋友，就选《冰雪奇缘》的小片段，把太长太难的对白改得简单一点，连幼儿园小班的弟弟妹妹都能记住。 / The first thing a director does is flip through tons of storybooks and picture books to pick the script that’s best for everyone to perform. If there are lots of dinosaur lovers in your class, you can pick *You Look Delicious* as the script—everyone will love it and be happy to memorize lines. If there are lots of princess lovers in your class, you can pick a small segment of *Frozen*, and change the long, hard dialogues to be simple enough that even the kindergarten kids in the younger grades can remember them. *小例子*：去年我们学校排童话剧的时候，导演本来选了《灰姑娘》，但是后来发现班里有好几个小朋友从来没有看过水晶鞋的绘本，就对大家说“我们换《三只小猪》好不好？大家都可以当小猪，还可以自己设计盖房子的动作！”最后大家都特别开心，演出也特别成功。 / *Little example*: Last year when our school was choosing a play, the director first picked *Cinderella*, but later found out that several kids in the class had never read a picture book about Cinderella’s glass slipper