Chapter 1 你好，网络安全小侦探 / Hello, Little Cybersecurity Detective

你有没有过这样的经历：放学刚冲回家，抱着平板刷你最喜欢的猫咪短视频，刷到一半突然跳出来一个弹窗，写着“恭喜你获得免费游戏皮肤！点击就送”？或者周末约好朋友玩网络游戏，正打boss呢，突然账号掉线，再登上去的时候，你攒了三个月的稀有装备全没了？又或者上周上网课的时候，电脑突然卡住，老师的脸变成了一堆乱码，全班同学都懵了？

Have you ever had an experience like this: rushing home after school, holding your tablet to watch your favorite cat short videos, and suddenly a pop-up pops up halfway through, saying "Congratulations on getting a free game skin! Click to get it"? Or making an appointment with a good friend to play an online game on the weekend, just when you are fighting the boss, your account suddenly drops, and when you log in again, all the rare equipment you have accumulated for three months is gone? Or last week during online class, the computer suddenly froze, and the teacher's face turned into a pile of garbled code, and the whole class was stunned?

其实呀，网络世界就像咱们平时住的超大社区——有近2亿中国小朋友在这里交朋友、学知识、玩游戏、看动画片[^1]，也有不少“隐形人”藏在角落里：有的想帮你解决学习上的问题，有的却想着偷你的游戏装备、骗家长的钱、搞乱你的上网课软件。咱们今天要当的「网络安全小侦探」，就是专门抓这些坏人的正义小卫士，和现实中抓小偷的警察叔叔、帮大家修家电的工程师叔叔一样，是保护网络社区安全的英雄哦！

Actually, the online world is like the huge community we live in - there are nearly 200 million Chinese children making friends, learning knowledge, playing games, and watching cartoons here[^1], and there are also many "invisible people" hiding in the corners: some want to help you solve learning problems, while others want to steal your game equipment, cheat your parents' money, and mess up your online class software. The "Little Cybersecurity Detective" we are going to be today is a just little warrior who specifically catches these bad guys. Like the police uncle who catches thieves in real life, and the engineer uncle who helps everyone repair home appliances, he is a hero who protects the safety of the online community!

--- > 💡 小侦探提示（电子版侧边栏）：网络世界和现实世界一样，有好人也有坏人，咱们当小侦探不是为了随便怀疑别人，而是学会保护自己、帮助身边的人，遇到搞不定的问题一定要找大人哦！ > 💡 Detective Tip (Digital Edition Sidebar): The online world is just like the real world, with good people and bad people. Being a little detective is not about suspecting others casually, but learning to protect yourself and help people around you. If you encounter a problem you can't solve, be sure to find an adult!

1.1 网络世界就像超大社区 / The Online World Is Like a Huge Community

咱们先来玩个想象游戏：把你平时用的所有电子设备——平板、手机、学习机、游戏机、甚至智能手表——都连在一起，就变成了一个比咱们城市还大的“网络社区”。这个社区里没有实体房子，但有数不清的“数字房子”：你刷短视频的APP是房子，你玩网游的服务器是房子，你上网课的会议软件也是房子，你存的照片、作业、游戏装备，都放在这些数字房子里。

Let's play an imagination game first: connect all the electronic devices you usually use - tablets, mobile phones, learning machines, game consoles, and even smart watches - and you get an "online community" bigger than our city. There are no physical houses in this community, but there are countless "digital houses": the APP you use to watch short videos is a house, the server of the online game you play is a house, the meeting software you use for online classes is also a house, and all the photos, homework, and game equipment you store are placed in these digital houses.

这个社区最棒的地方，是能让你做到很多现实里做不到的事：你可以和住在国外的表姐视频聊天，就像她就在你身边；你可以找到全中国甚至全世界喜欢手工、喜欢恐龙、喜欢编程的小朋友，和他们一起交流；你还能在网上学到学校没教的太空知识、恐龙知识，看遍全世界的好动画片。根据2024年发布的《中国未成年人网络保护报告》，我国93%的未成年人都认为上网给自己带来了快乐， helped them make more friends and learn new knowledge。

The best thing about this community is that it allows you to do many things that you can't do in real life: you can video chat with your cousin living abroad, as if she is right by your side; you can find children from all over China or even the world who like handicrafts, dinosaurs, or programming, and communicate with them; you can also learn space knowledge and dinosaur knowledge that are not taught in school, and watch all the good cartoons in the world. According to the "China Minor Network Protection Report" released in 2024, 93% of minors in China believe that going online brings them happiness and helps them make more friends and learn new knowledge.

但是呀，这个社区也有不好的地方：就像现实社区里有小偷、有骗子一样，网络社区里也有专门搞破坏的“坏人”。有些坏人会做假的游戏皮肤链接，你点进去输入账号密码，你的装备就会被偷走；有些坏人会冒充你的同学，给你发“我手机坏了，借你账号玩一会游戏”的消息，骗走你的密码；还有些坏人会攻击上网课的软件，让全班同学都上不了课，就是为了好玩。更可怕的是，这些坏人大多数你都看不见摸不着，他们可能躲在另一个城市，甚至另一个国家，很难抓住。

But there are also bad parts of this community: just like there are thieves and liars in real communities, there are also special "bad guys" who make trouble in online communities. Some bad guys make fake game skin links, and when you click and enter your account password, your equipment will be stolen; some bad guys pretend to be your classmates and send you messages like "My mobile phone is broken, lend me your account to play games for a while", to cheat your password; and some bad guys will attack the online class software, so that the whole class can't attend class, just for fun. What's more scary is that most of these bad guys are invisible and untouchable. They may hide in another city or even another country, so it's hard to catch them.

所以呀，咱们当网络安全小侦探，首先就是要认识这些坏人，知道他们的手段，然后学会保护自己，再帮助身边的小朋友和大人都躲开坏人的陷阱。

So, being a cybersecurity little detective, first of all, is to recognize these bad guys, know their tricks, then learn to protect yourself, and then help the children and adults around you avoid the traps of bad guys.

--- > 💡 小侦探小知识（纸书页码：第3页）：你平时刷的每一条短视频、发的每一条评论、买的每一个虚拟道具，都是你的“数字足迹”，这些足迹加在一起，就是你的「数字身份（Digital Identity）」，就像你的现实身份证一样，一定要保护好哦！ > 💡 Little Detective Trivia (Print Book Page 3): Every short video you watch, every comment you post, and every virtual item you buy are your "digital footprints". These footprints added together are your "Digital Identity", just like your real ID card, so be sure to protect it!

1.2 三种“黑客”大揭秘 / Meet the Three Types of Hackers

提到网络安全，你肯定听过“黑客（Hacker）”这个词。很多人觉得黑客都是坏人，其实呀，黑客只是一群特别懂电脑和网络技术的人，就像会修电路的工程师：有的工程师修电路是为了帮大家修家电、通路灯，是好人；有的却为了偷电、搞破坏，是坏人。黑客也是一样，根据他们做的事，可以分成三类：白帽黑客、黑帽黑客、灰帽黑客，咱们一个个来看。

When it comes to cybersecurity, you must have heard the word "Hacker". Many people think hackers are all bad guys, but actually, hackers are just a group of people who know computers and network technology very well, just like engineers who can repair circuits: some engineers repair circuits to help everyone repair home appliances and turn on street lights, they are good people; some steal electricity and make trouble, they are bad people. Hackers are the same. According to what they do, they can be divided into three categories: White Hat Hackers, Black Hat Hackers, and Gray Hat Hackers. Let's look at them one by one.

1.2.1 黑帽黑客：网络社区的坏蛋 / Black Hat Hackers: The Bad Guys of the Online Community

黑帽黑客（Black Hat Hacker）就是专门做坏事的黑客，他们就像现实社区里的小偷、骗子，专门偷别人的东西、搞破坏。咱们来看个真实的小例子：

Black Hat Hackers are hackers who specialize in doing bad things. They are just like thieves and liars in real communities, specializing in stealing other people's things and making trouble. Let's look at a real small example:

去年有个五年级的小朋友，攒了半年零花钱，在常玩的赛车游戏里买了一辆限定的金色跑车，是他最宝贝的装备。结果有个黑帽黑客做了一个假的游戏登录页面，在游戏的聊天群里发“点击这里可以领免费金币”，小朋友点进去输入了自己的账号密码，没过十分钟，他的账号就掉线了，再登上去的时候，金色跑车已经没了，还被转走卖给了别人。这个黑帽黑客就是专门偷小朋友游戏装备的坏人，他的行为是违法的，要是被抓住，要赔钱还要被关起来。

Last year, there was a fifth-grade kid who saved half a year's allowance and bought a limited golden sports car in his favorite racing game, which was his most cherished equipment. As a result, a black hat hacker made a fake game login page and posted in the game chat group "Click here to get free gold coins". The kid clicked and entered his account password, and within ten minutes, his account dropped. When he logged in again, the golden sports car was gone, and was sold to others after being transferred. This black hat hacker is a bad guy who specializes in stealing children's game equipment. His behavior is illegal. If he is caught, he has to pay compensation and be imprisoned.

黑帽黑客常做的坏事包括： Common bad things done by black hat hackers include:

• 偷别人的游戏账号、社交账号，卖装备或者冒充别人骗钱
• Stealing other people's game accounts and social accounts, selling equipment or pretending to be others to cheat money
• 做假的支付页面、中奖弹窗，骗大人的银行卡钱
• Making fake payment pages and lottery pop-ups to cheat adults' bank card money
• 攻击网站或者APP，让它们用不了，比